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Mechanical and electrical integration technology present situation and development trend
现代科学技术的不断发展,极大地推动了不同学科的交叉与渗透,工程领域的技术改造与革命。在机械工程领域,由于微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展及其向机械工业的渗透所形成的机电一体化,使机械工业的技术结构、产品结构、功能与构成、生产方式及管理体系发生了巨大变化,使工业生产由“机械电气化”迈入以“机电一体化”为特征的发展阶段。
The continuous development of modern science and technology, greatly promote the intersection and infiltration of different subjects, technical transformation and revolution in the field of engineering. In the field of mechanical engineering, due to the rapid development of microelectronics technology and computer technology to the penetration of mechanical industry and mechanical and electrical integration, formed by the technology of mechanical industry structure, product structure, function and structure, great changes have taken place in production mode and management system, the industrial production by the mechanical electrification "entering the stage of development characterized by" mechatronics ".
1 机电一体化概述
1 summary of electromechanical integration
机电一体化是指在机构的主功能、动力功能、信息处理功能和控制功能上引进电子技术,将机械装置与电子化设计及软件结合起来所构成的系统的总称。
Electromechanical integration refers to the agency's main function, dynamic function, information processing and control functions on the introduction of electronic technology, combining mechanical device and electronic design and software of the floorboard of the system.
机电一体化发展至今已经成为一门有着自身体系的新型学科,随着科学技术的不断发展,还将被赋予新的内容。但其基本特征可概括为:机电一体化是从系统的观点出发,综合运用机械技术、微电子技术、自动控制技术、计算机技术、信息技术、传感测控技术及电力电子技术,根据系统功能目标要求,合理配置与布局各功能单元,在多功能、高质量、高可靠性、低能耗的意义上实现特定功能价值,并使整个系统最优化的系统工程技术。由此而产生的功能系统,则成为一个机电一体化系统或机电一体化产品。因此,“机电一体化”涵盖“技术”和“产品”两个方面。机电一体化技术是基于上述群体技术有机融合的一种综合技术,而不是机械技术、微电子技术及其它新技术的简单组合、拼凑。这是机电一体化与机械加电气所形成的机械电气化在概念上的根本区别。机械工程技术由纯技术发展到机械电气化,仍属传统机械,其主要功能依然是代替和放大的体系。但是,发展到机电一体化后,其中的微电子装置除可取代某些机械部件的原有功能外,还被赋予许多新的功能,如自动检测、自动处理信息、自动显示记录、自动调节与控制、自动诊断与保护等。也就是说,机电一体化产品不仅是人的手与肢体的延伸,还是人的感官与头脑的延伸,智能化特征是机电一体化与机械电气化在功能上的本质区别。
Electromechanical integration development has become a has its own system of new subject, with the continuous development of science and technology, will also be given new content. But its basic characteristics can be summarized as: electromechanical integration from a system perspective, integrated use of mechanical technology, microelectronics technology, automatic control technology, computer technology, information technology, the sensor measurement and control technology and power electronic technology, in accordance with the requirements of system function goal, reasonable configuration and layout of each function unit in the multi-function, high quality, high reliability, low energy consumption sense, realize the value of a specific function, and optimize the whole system of systems engineering technology. As a function of the system, then become a mechatronics system or mechanical and electrical integration products. Therefore, "mechatronics" covers two aspects of "technology" and "product". Mechanical and electrical integration technology is based on the group technology of organic integration of a comprehensive technology, rather than mechanical technology, microelectronics technology and other new technology of simple combination and piece together. This is formed by mechanical and electrical integration and the mechanical and electrical mechanical electrification on the concept of fundamental difference. Mechanical engineering technology has developed from a pure technology to mechanical electrification, still belongs to the traditional machinery, its main function is to replace and amplification system. But, after the development to the mechanical and electrical integration, one of the microelectronic devices in addition to replace some of the mechanical parts of the original function, and was endowed with many new features, such as automatic detection, automatic processing information, automatic display, automatic adjustment and control, automatic diagnosis and protection, etc. That is to say, is not only the hand of the electromechanical integration products and an extension of the body, or an extension of the human senses and mind, intelligence is characterized by mechanical and electrical integration and mechanical electrification on the function of the essential differences between.
